Active Range of Motion refers to which type of exercises?

• A. Exercises the resident can do without assistance.
• B. Exercises performed by the caregiver to the resident's joints.
• C. Cardio movements without supervision.
• D. Exercises that are done only with equipment.

Answer: (A)

Active range of motion means the resident moves joints through their full range using their own muscles, without outside help. It keeps joints flexible and muscles strong, improves circulation, and helps the person maintain control and independence during movement. This is different from passive range of motion, where a caregiver or therapist moves the resident’s joints for them, which is not what active ROM describes. It also isn’t limited to cardio activities, nor does it require equipment—the key idea is self-initiated movement without assistance. If there are no contraindications, encourage smooth, gradual movements through the available ROM and stop if pain or discomfort occurs.