Which statement correctly describes edema?

• A. Accumulation of an excessive amount of watery fluids in cells or tissues.
• B. Increased red blood cell count.
• C. Joint inflammation.
• D. Dehydration.

Answer: (A)

Edema is swelling caused by the buildup of excess watery fluid in the body's tissues. Fluid normally moves from the blood into tissues and is returned by the lymphatic system; when this balance is disrupted—due to factors like higher capillary pressure, lower plasma proteins, or blocked lymphatics—fluid leaks into tissues and accumulates, leading to swelling. The other options describe different conditions (more red blood cells, joint inflammation, or dehydration) and don’t explain the fluid buildup in tissues.